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Reference

RC Glossary — Plain-English Definitions A–Z

Every term a beginning RC pilot needs to know, defined simply.

Use the alphabet links to jump to a section, or scroll through. Missing a term? Ask in the Discord.

A
Aileron

Control surfaces on the wing trailing edges that control roll — how the plane banks left and right.

AMA

Academy of Model Aeronautics. National hobby organization since 1936. Membership includes liability insurance and club field access.

ARF

Almost Ready to Fly. Pre-covered airframe only — no electronics or power system. For experienced builders.

AS3X

Artificial Stabilization — 3 Axis. E-flite's gyro-based system that counteracts wind gusts and smooths flight.

B
B4UFLY

Free FAA app showing your airspace and whether you're legal to fly. Use before every flight at a new location.

Balance Charger

A LiPo charger that monitors and equalizes individual cell voltages during charging. Always required for LiPos.

BNF

Bind and Fly. Airplane sold without a transmitter — everything else included.

Brownout

When the receiver momentarily loses power (usually from low voltage), causing servos to drop. Prevented by proper battery sizing.

C
C Rating

LiPo discharge rate. A 25C rating on a 2000mAh battery means 50A continuous output. Match to your airplane's power requirements.

Channels

Independent control inputs on a radio system. A 4-channel radio controls throttle, aileron, elevator, and rudder.

CG (Center of Gravity)

The balance point of the airplane. Critical for stable flight. Too far forward = nose heavy. Too far back = unstable.

Center of Gravity (CG) NOSE HEAVY Nosedives, won't climb Move battery back CORRECT CG ✓ Flies level, responds predictably Check manual for exact location TAIL HEAVY Pitches up, stalls, unpredictable Move battery forward Shaded area = battery position relative to CG pivot (▲) Always check CG before maiden flights and after moving any equipment
Always check CG before maiden flights and after moving any equipment.
D
Deadstick

When the motor stops in flight, leaving the airplane to glide. A deadstick landing is a landing without engine power.

Dihedral

The upward V-angle of the wings. More dihedral = more natural stability and self-righting tendency. Common on trainers.

Dual Rates (D/R)

Reduces maximum control surface travel. Lower rates = less aggressive response. Beginners benefit from reduced rates.

E
Elevator

Horizontal tail control surface. Controls pitch — nose up or nose down.

ESC

Electronic Speed Controller. Regulates power from battery to brushless motor based on throttle input.

Expo (Exponential)

Makes controls less sensitive around center stick while keeping full throw at extremes. Try 30–40% expo for a smoother feel.

F
Failsafe

A receiver setting that activates when radio signal is lost — typically cuts throttle to zero. Essential safety feature.

FPV

First Person View. Flying with a camera on the airplane and goggles on the ground. A separate discipline from traditional RC flying.

G
Gyro

A sensor detecting rotation. Used to stabilize aircraft automatically. AS3X uses gyros.

H
High Wing

Wing mounted on top of fuselage. Provides natural stability and self-righting tendency. Standard on beginner trainers.

L
LAANC

FAA's digital airspace authorization system. Get approval near airports in seconds through B4UFLY.

LiPo

Lithium Polymer. High energy density rechargeable battery used in most electric RC aircraft. Requires specific charger and careful handling.

LVC

Low Voltage Cutoff. ESC feature that reduces motor power when battery voltage drops critically. Your signal to land immediately.

M
Maiden Flight

The very first flight of a new or newly built aircraft. Approach carefully with a full pre-flight check.

Mode 2

Dominant US transmitter configuration. Left stick: throttle and rudder. Right stick: elevator and aileron.

P
PNP

Plug and Play. No transmitter or receiver included. Not recommended for first purchases.

Pusher

Propeller configuration with motor and prop at the rear. Protects the prop from ground strikes on landing.

R
Rates

How far a control surface moves at full stick input. Lower rates = gentler, more stable handling for beginners.

RTF

Ready to Fly. Complete with everything needed — airframe, transmitter, receiver, battery, charger. Best for beginners.

Rudder

Vertical tail fin surface. Controls yaw (left/right nose rotation). Used for taxi and coordinating turns.

S
SAFE Technology

Sensor Assisted Flight Envelope. E-flite's system that limits bank angle and pitch to prevent extreme attitudes.

Servo

Small electric motor with positional feedback that moves control surfaces based on stick inputs.

Spektrum

Dominant RC radio system brand in the US (Horizon Hobby). Most US beginner RTF airplanes use Spektrum systems.

T
TFR

Temporary Flight Restriction. Always check B4UFLY before flying even at your regular spot.

Trim

Fine adjustments to the neutral position of each control surface. Use to prevent drifting in one direction.

TRUST Exam

Free, required online safety test for all US recreational RC flyers. 20–30 minutes. Take it here.

W
Wingspan

Wingtip to wingtip distance. Beginners should target 42–48” for their first airplane.